VALENTYN SYLVESTROV (b. 30 September 1937, Kyiv) is a composer of mostly orchestral, chamber, vocal, and piano works that have been performed throughout the world.

Sylvestrov began private studies in music at age fifteen and studied at the Stetsenko Evening Music School for Adults in Kyiv from 1953–55, where he graduated with a gold medal, then studied at the Institute of Construction Engineering in Kyiv from 1955–58. He studied composition with Borys Liatoshynsky and counterpoint and harmony with Levko Revutsky at the National Music Academy of Ukraine in Kyiv from 1958–64.

Among his honours are the Koussevitzky Composition Prize (1967), First Prize in the competition of the Internationale Gaudeamus Muziekweek in Amsterdam (1970) and the Taras Shevchenko National Prize from the government of Ukraine (1995).